Although the river is legendary these days for its length, for ancient Egypt it described the middle of its economy and therefore the key to its survival. In summer, the monsoons caused flooding of the higher reaches of their course and that they drag nutrient wealthy materials to the tillage of their basin, that determined the cycle of the remainder of the year.
So necessary were these rains for civilization that their absence drove them to say no. in step with a study printed in Nature Communications, it had been not the political instability or the harassment of the Romans that alone caused its fall: they attribute the collapse of the empire to volcanic eruptions that altered the climate and therefore the seasonality of the floods of the river.
Its authors, specialists in meteorology and history, have analyzed the records of the last three hundred years of ancient Egypt, between 323 before Christ. C. and 30 a. C. they need been ready to relate several of their ups and downs with the looks of volcanic eruptions in distant territories, like Iceland or the Belt of fireplace of the Pacific.
The gases and particles ejected by the craters might amendment region conditions and climate, interrupting the monsoon cycle and, with it, the mandatory floods. These changes had ruinous consequences for the society of the time, ravaged by famines and tormented by social and political issues.
One of the moments during which the unfavorable things and therefore the natural phenomena coincide occurred within the year forty four a. C, throughout the reign of Cleopatra VII. proof shows that this year the rains were thin attributable to a strong eruption somewhere within the hemisphere. the shortage of food contributed to exacerbate the political and social instability that contributed to facilitate the conquest of empire by the Romans once the suicide of Cleopatra fourteen years later.
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